Malocclusion is the clinical term for orthodontic misalignment. Individuals may be born with this condition or develop it over time due to poor oral habits in childhood, such as prolonged thumb-sucking or pacifier use. No matter what the reason, malocclusion not only affects the appearance of your smile, but it can also lead to bite problems and other serious oral health issues. Here, Dr. Beth and our Las Vegas, NV team will discuss a range of orthodontic problems and explain how treatment at our practice can address them.
Common Orthodontic Problems
Orthodontic misalignment can present in many different ways. In the sections below, we'll discuss some of the most common orthodontic problems in patients of all ages.
Overbite
Overbites are quite common and can have a negative impact on chewing function and appearance. This condition is characterized by upper teeth that protrude over the lower teeth. Oftentimes this is due to an overdeveloped upper jaw or an underdeveloped lower jaw. Because overbites are typically caused by skeletal discrepancies, they are much easier to address during childhood. Overbites in adults can certainly be corrected, but treatment typically takes longer.
Underbite
An underbite occurs when the lower jaw extends beyond the upper jaw. Some individuals describe a "bulldog" appearance when referring to an underbite because the lower teeth overlap the upper teeth. This condition is often caused by an overdeveloped lower jaw and an underdeveloped upper jaw.
Crossbite
In a normal bite, the upper teeth should slightly overlap the lower teeth. When an open bite is present, the upper and lower front teeth do not make contact, even when the back teeth are touching. This condition – most often caused by harmful childhood habits, such as prolonged bottle use or thumb-sucking – can lead to speech or chewing problems.
Crowding
Sometimes the jaw is too small to accommodate all of the teeth. When this happens, it can result in crowding and overlapping. It can also make the teeth much more difficult to brush and floss.
Spacing
Spacing issues may be caused by missing teeth, small teeth, a wide dental arch or other issues. Gaps between the teeth can have a negative impact on your overall appearance, but it can also affect your oral health.
Correcting Orthodontic Problems: Types of Treatment
Now that we've explored the different types of bite problems, let's take a look at some of the solutions. In the sections below, we'll explore a few of the most common orthodontic treatments that address malocclusion.
Traditional Braces
Probably what you imagine when you hear the term "braces", these appliances use stainless steel brackets, bands and wires to gently move the teeth into their new positions over time. Metal braces are generally recommended for moderate to complex bite problems and may be used as a standalone approach or in conjunction with other treatments. Depending on the severity of the case, the average treatment time can vary from 18 to 24 months.
Invisalign
Invisalign® is a popular alternative to traditional braces. Instead of metal components, this system uses a series of clear aligner trays to shift the teeth over time. Typically each set of trays is worn for about two weeks before switching them out for the next set. Invisalign can correct many of the same bite problems as metal braces. However, complex cases of misalignment may require conventional treatments. As a general rule, if orthodontic issues are due to misaligned teeth, Invisalign can be helpful. But if the issues are due to skeletal abnormalities, traditional braces may be necessary to fully correct the problem.
Lingual Braces
In contrast to traditional braces, lingual braces are attached to the backsides of the teeth. This is an excellent option for individuals who want more discreet treatment. For the most part, lingual braces can address the same issues as their conventional counterparts. However, those with certain types of malocclusion – such as deep overbites – may not qualify for lingual braces, as the brackets may pop off more frequently.
Early Treatment vs Adult Treatment
Another thing to consider when correcting malocclusion is the age at which treatment occurs. Braces are beneficial for children and adults alike. It's important to understand, however, that skeletal issues are much easier to address in children, while they are still in the developmental stages. For instance, severe bite problems in children can often be addressed with early orthodontic treatment. In adults, those same complex issues often require a combination of braces and oral surgery. Mild issues can typically be corrected solely with adult braces.
Learn More about Treating Malocclusion at Our Las Vegas, NV Practice
If orthodontic misalignment is having a negative impact on your confidence or oral health, explore the many different types of braces at our practice. To find out more, schedule an appointment online or contact us anytime.
